Athlon 64/First generation Opteron (K8)
Main articles: Athlon 64 and Opteron
The K8 is a major revision of the K7 architecture, with the most notable features being the addition of a 64-bit extension to the x86 instruction set (officially called AMD64), the incorporation of an on-chip memory controller, and the implementation of an extremely high performance point-to-point interconnect called HyperTransport, as part of the Direct Connect Architecture. The technology was initially launched as the Opteron server-oriented processor.[10] Shortly thereafter it was incorporated into a product for desktop PCs, branded Athlon 64.[11]
] Dual-core/Second generation Opteron
Main articles: Athlon 64 X2 and Opteron
AMD released the first dual core Opteron, an x86-based server CPU, on April 21, 2005.[12] The first desktop-based dual core processor family — the Athlon 64 X2 — came a month later.[13]
In early May 2007, AMD had abandoned the string "64" in its dual-core desktop product branding, becoming Athlon X2, downplaying the significance of 64-bit computing in its processors while upcoming updates involves some of the improvements to the microarchitecture, and a shift of target market from mainstream desktop systems to value dual-core desktop systems.
AMD has also started to release dual-core Sempron processors in early 2008 exclusively in
Phenom/Third generation Opteron (K10)
Main articles: AMD K10, Opteron, and Phenom
The latest microprocessor architecture, also known as "AMD K10" is AMD's new microarchitecture. The "AMD K10" is the immediate successor to the AMD K8 microarchitecture. The first processors released on this architecture were introduced on September 10, 2007 consisting of nine quad-core Third Generation Opteron processors. K10 processors will come in dual, triple-core[14] and quad-core versions with all cores on one single die.
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